{"id":10286,"date":"2021-09-14T07:06:21","date_gmt":"2021-09-14T07:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=10286"},"modified":"2021-09-14T07:07:24","modified_gmt":"2021-09-14T07:07:24","slug":"refining-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/refining-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9todos de refinado"},"content":{"rendered":"

La aleaci\u00f3n de aluminio reciclado contiene m\u00e1s impurezas met\u00e1licas y no met\u00e1licas, por lo que debe someterse a un proceso de refinado adicional. Los m\u00e9todos de refinado incluyen la filtraci\u00f3n, el refinado con gas, el refinado con fundente, el refinado al vac\u00edo y el refinado por oxidaci\u00f3n. Los cuatro primeros m\u00e9todos se utilizan para eliminar las impurezas no met\u00e1licas, mientras que el \u00faltimo se emplea para eliminar las impurezas met\u00e1licas.<\/p>\n

Cuando se enfr\u00eda la masa fundida de la aleaci\u00f3n de aluminio regenerada, la solubilidad del gas se reduce y el hidr\u00f3geno gaseoso que estaba disuelto originalmente en la masa fundida se separa en fases distintas, lo que da lugar principalmente a la formaci\u00f3n de poros en la pieza fundida, lo que a su vez reducir\u00e1 las propiedades mec\u00e1nicas de la misma. Adem\u00e1s, la al\u00famina, una impureza no met\u00e1lica s\u00f3lida, se distribuye en los l\u00edmites de grano, lo que tambi\u00e9n reduce las propiedades mec\u00e1nicas de la aleaci\u00f3n. Para que el rendimiento de la aleaci\u00f3n regenerada no difiera mucho del de la aleaci\u00f3n preparada a partir del metal primario, es necesario realizar un proceso de refinado para eliminar las impurezas de la aleaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9todos de refinado de impurezas no met\u00e1licas<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Filtrado. En este m\u00e9todo, la aleaci\u00f3n de aluminio fundida se hace pasar a trav\u00e9s de equipos de filtraci\u00f3n<\/a> para eliminar las impurezas. Cuando la aleaci\u00f3n fundida pasa a trav\u00e9s del filtro, las part\u00edculas s\u00f3lidas quedan retenidas en \u00e9l y se eliminan.<\/p>\n

(2) Refinado con gas. Es decir, durante el refinado se introducen cloro y nitr\u00f3geno en la escoria. Cuando el gas introducido se difunde en la masa fundida, el hidr\u00f3geno disuelto originalmente en el l\u00edquido de la aleaci\u00f3n se difunde hacia las peque\u00f1as burbujas del gas inyectado, produci\u00e9ndose as\u00ed la desgasificaci\u00f3n; al mismo tiempo, se eliminan los \u00f3xidos y otras impurezas insolubles. Al igual que en la flotaci\u00f3n, el gas se adsorbe en las inclusiones s\u00f3lidas y, a continuaci\u00f3n, flota hasta la superficie del ba\u00f1o fundido.<\/p>\n

(3) Refinado con fundente. En este m\u00e9todo, la aleaci\u00f3n fundida se trata con un fundente salino para eliminar el gas y las inclusiones no met\u00e1licas presentes en la masa fundida. Entre las sales que se utilizan habitualmente se encuentran el polvo de criolita y diversos haluros met\u00e1licos. Una vez que se introducen en la masa fundida de aluminio como fundente, generan gas de haluro de aluminio y se liberan.<\/p>\n

(4) M\u00e9todo de refinado al vac\u00edo. En este m\u00e9todo, el aluminio fundido se desgasifica durante 20 minutos a un vac\u00edo de 400-500 Pa para eliminar el hidr\u00f3geno del aluminio fundido.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Recycled aluminum alloy contains more metal and non-metal impurities and must be further refined. Refining methods include filtration, gas refining, flux refining, vacuum refining, and…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10287,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[12679,240,12680,12677,12678,12681],"class_list":["post-10286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-filtration","tag-flux-refining","tag-gas-refining","tag-refining-methods","tag-remove-non-metal-impurities","tag-vacuum-refining"],"yoast_head":"\nRefining Methods used to Remove Non-metal Impurities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Refining methods include filtration, gas refining, flux refining, vacuum refining. 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