agentes de recubrimiento<\/a> contienen 47,5% de KCl, 47,5% de NaCl y 5% de NaF. En cuanto al agente de recubrimiento, para mejorar su fluidez, su punto de fusi\u00f3n debe ser m\u00e1s bajo. Otros agentes de recubrimiento se basan en MgCl, KCl o carnallita. Estos agentes de recubrimiento tienen buena fluidez y pueden formar una fina capa sobre la superficie del aluminio fundido. Sin embargo, dado que el MgCl es muy caro, se utiliza generalmente en fundentes sin sodio. Este fundente se emplea para aleaciones que contienen m\u00e1s de 2% de Mg, o para eliminar el calcio en aleaciones de aluminio con alto contenido en magnesio.<\/p>\nEl fluoruro de metal alcalino es un tensioactivo que puede reducir la tensi\u00f3n superficial entre el fundente de la sala de colada y el metal. En comparaci\u00f3n con el fluoruro de metal alcalino, la limpieza superficial del AIF\u2083, el MgF\u2082 y el cloruro es relativamente inferior. Esto se debe a que, al utilizar el fundente de sal fluorada que contiene NaP y KP, el aluminio l\u00edquido puede absorber f\u00e1cilmente parte del sodio y el potasio, y tanto el sodio como el potasio son elementos tensioactivos.<\/p>\n
Los fluoruros de metales alcalinos pueden disolver \u00f3xidos en peque\u00f1as cantidades, lo que ayuda a penetrar en la pel\u00edcula de \u00f3xido de la superficie de la escoria, mejorando as\u00ed la humectabilidad y facilitando la separaci\u00f3n de las inclusiones de \u00f3xido del aluminio l\u00edquido y del aluminio de la escoria. Sin embargo, el punto de fusi\u00f3n de los fluoruros de metales alcalinos suele ser m\u00e1s alto, lo que limita su aplicaci\u00f3n, y el uso de sales fluoradas conlleva requisitos de protecci\u00f3n medioambiental m\u00e1s estrictos que los de las sales de cloro puras. Los fundentes a base de sales fluoradas que se utilizan habitualmente son la criolita (Na\u2083AlF\u2086), el fluoruro de calcio (CaF\u2082) o el fluorosilicato de sodio (Na\u2082SiF\u2086), y su contenido total suele estar dentro de los l\u00edmites del 20%.<\/p>\n
Los compuestos de ox\u00edgeno, como el NaNO\u2083 y el KNO\u2083, a\u00f1adidos al fundente reaccionan con el aluminio para formar Al\u2082O\u2083 y liberar una gran cantidad de calor. Esto puede mejorar localmente la fluidez, aumentando as\u00ed el rendimiento real del aluminio. En el agente de limpieza del horno, estas reacciones exot\u00e9rmicas pueden acelerar la penetraci\u00f3n del fundente en los residuos del horno.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The cast house flux is mainly a mixture of chloride and fluoride salts and other additives. Most fluxes are based on KCl and NaCl, and…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10305,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\n
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