{"id":4654,"date":"2020-09-11T07:55:46","date_gmt":"2020-09-11T07:55:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=4654"},"modified":"2020-09-11T07:55:46","modified_gmt":"2020-09-11T07:55:46","slug":"gas-purification","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/gas-purification\/","title":{"rendered":"Purificaci\u00f3n de gases"},"content":{"rendered":"

La purificaci\u00f3n con gas es el principal m\u00e9todo de purificaci\u00f3n del aluminio primario. El gas utilizado es cloro, nitr\u00f3geno o una mezcla de cloro y nitr\u00f3geno.<\/p>\n

(1) Purificaci\u00f3n con cloro. En el m\u00e9todo de cloraci\u00f3n, cuando se introduce cloro gaseoso en el aluminio fundido, se generan numerosas burbujas de AlCl\u2083 de un tama\u00f1o excepcionalmente fino que se mezclan por completo con el aluminio fundido. El hidr\u00f3geno disuelto en el aluminio fundido y algunas inclusiones mec\u00e1nicas se adsorben en las burbujas y se eliminan a medida que estas ascienden a la superficie del aluminio fundido. Al introducir cloro gaseoso, algunos elementos con carga m\u00e1s negativa que el aluminio \u2014como el calcio, el sodio o el magnesio\u2014 pueden clorarse, separ\u00e1ndose en los cloruros correspondientes debido a la introducci\u00f3n del cloro gaseoso. Por lo tanto, el m\u00e9todo de cloraci\u00f3n es un m\u00e9todo muy eficaz para la purificaci\u00f3n del aluminio primario. La cantidad de cloro gaseoso es de 500 a 700 g por tonelada de aluminio, pero, dado que el cloro gaseoso es t\u00f3xico y relativamente caro, con el fin de evitar la contaminaci\u00f3n atmosf\u00e9rica y reducir el coste de la producci\u00f3n de lingotes de aluminio, la industria del aluminio de tercera generaci\u00f3n ha ido abandonando progresivamente el m\u00e9todo de cloraci\u00f3n y lo ha sustituido por el uso de gases inertes. -M\u00e9todo de purificaci\u00f3n con nitr\u00f3geno.<\/p>\n

(2) M\u00e9todo de purificaci\u00f3n con nitr\u00f3geno. El N\u2082 se introduce directamente en el aluminio fundido; este entra de forma continua en la plataforma de colada y es barrido por el nitr\u00f3geno, lo que permite eliminar las inclusiones met\u00e1licas y el hidr\u00f3geno disuelto en el aluminio fundido, de modo que las finas burbujas de nitr\u00f3geno se distribuyen uniformemente en el aluminio fundido tratado. Desgasificaci\u00f3n con nitr\u00f3geno<\/a> desempe\u00f1a una funci\u00f3n depuradora. El nitr\u00f3geno no contamina la atm\u00f3sfera y tiene una gran capacidad depuradora. Puede procesar entre 200 y 600 kg de aluminio l\u00edquido por minuto. La cantidad de aluminio que se pierde durante el proceso de purificaci\u00f3n es relativamente reducida, por lo que actualmente se utiliza de forma generalizada, aunque no es tan eficaz a la hora de eliminar el aluminio l\u00edquido como el cloro. Calcio, sodio, magnesio.<\/p>\n

\"Purificaci\u00f3n<\/p>\n

(3) Purificaci\u00f3n de gases mixtos. Se utiliza una mezcla de cloro y nitr\u00f3geno para purificar el aluminio l\u00edquido. Su funci\u00f3n es, por un lado, eliminar el hidr\u00f3geno y separar los \u00f3xidos y, por otro, eliminar ciertas impurezas met\u00e1licas (como el Mg) presentes en el aluminio. La composici\u00f3n m\u00e1s habitual es 90% de nitr\u00f3geno + 10% de cloro. Tambi\u00e9n existe una mezcla de 10% de cloro con 1% de di\u00f3xido de carbono y 80% de nitr\u00f3geno. Este m\u00e9todo ofrece mejores resultados, ya que el di\u00f3xido de carbono permite que el cloro y el nitr\u00f3geno se difundan bien, lo que puede acortar el tiempo de operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gas purification is the main primary aluminum purification method. The gas used is chlorine, nitrogen, or a mixture of chlorine and nitrogen. (1) Chlorine purification.…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4656,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[4347,4672],"class_list":["post-4654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-degassing-with-nitrogen","tag-gas-purification-for-aluminum"],"yoast_head":"\nGas Purification for Aluminum, Degassing with Nitrogen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gas purification is the main primary aluminum purification method. 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