{"id":6566,"date":"2020-11-19T09:26:02","date_gmt":"2020-11-19T09:26:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=6566"},"modified":"2020-11-19T09:26:02","modified_gmt":"2020-11-19T09:26:02","slug":"molten-aluminum-refining-treatments","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/molten-aluminum-refining-treatments\/","title":{"rendered":"Tratamientos de refinado del aluminio fundido"},"content":{"rendered":"

La aleaci\u00f3n de aluminio fundida debe someterse a tratamientos de refinado antes de la fundici\u00f3n con el fin de:<\/p>\n

Desgasificaci\u00f3n: El aluminio fundido contiene una gran cantidad de hidr\u00f3geno. Si no se elimina, se producir\u00e1n poros y microporos en la pieza fundida.
\nGranos refinados: Mejoran las propiedades mec\u00e1nicas de las piezas fundidas mediante el control del tama\u00f1o de los granos tras la solidificaci\u00f3n.
\nMetamorfismo: Modificar la forma del silicio a\u00f1adiendo una peque\u00f1a cantidad de elementos metam\u00f3rficos, mejorando as\u00ed las prestaciones de la pieza fundida.<\/p>\n

Existen varios m\u00e9todos para estos fundidos refinado del aluminio<\/a> tratamientos. El m\u00e9todo anterior consiste en a\u00f1adir sucesivamente diversos fundentes al metal fundido en la bolsa de transferencia o en el horno de mantenimiento para su tratamiento. En los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, se ha desarrollado con \u00e9xito la \u201cestaci\u00f3n de procesamiento de metales\u201d, que se ha generalizado ampliamente. Todos los tratamientos de refinado del aluminio fundido pueden completarse de forma m\u00e1s eficiente en una sola operaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

A medida que aumenta la temperatura de fusi\u00f3n, la solubilidad del hidr\u00f3geno en el aluminio fundido aumenta gradualmente. Sin embargo, la solubilidad del hidr\u00f3geno en el aluminio s\u00f3lido es muy baja, por lo que, cuando la aleaci\u00f3n de aluminio se solidifica, el hidr\u00f3geno precipitado se acumula y forma poros y microporos en la pieza fundida.<\/p>\n

Para reducir la inhalaci\u00f3n de hidr\u00f3geno, los materiales refractarios, los crisoles y las herramientas deben precalentarse a fondo, y los materiales recuperados de residuos oleosos deben deshidratarse. La llama del quemador debe ser ligeramente oxidante para evitar un exceso de hidr\u00f3geno en los productos de la combusti\u00f3n. La temperatura del metal fundido debe mantenerse lo m\u00e1s baja posible, ya que a altas temperaturas se disuelve m\u00e1s hidr\u00f3geno. Por supuesto, por mucho cuidado que se tenga, siempre quedar\u00e1 algo de hidr\u00f3geno.<\/p>\n

\"Tratamientos<\/p>\n

El n\u00famero de poros que se puede tolerar en una pieza fundida depende del proceso de fundici\u00f3n y del uso final de la misma. Si el metal se enfr\u00eda lentamente, como ocurre en un molde de arena, los gases de escape se acumular\u00e1n formando peque\u00f1as burbujas que permanecer\u00e1n en la pieza fundida. Estas burbujas se detectan en los procesos posteriores de corte o granallado, y los defectos por poros, similares a \u201cporos diminutos\u201d, que aparecen en la superficie tratada provocar\u00e1n una grave p\u00e9rdida de propiedades mec\u00e1nicas y de estanqueidad.<\/p>\n

En los procesos de fundici\u00f3n con velocidades de solidificaci\u00f3n relativamente r\u00e1pidas, como la fundici\u00f3n en molde met\u00e1lico y la fundici\u00f3n a baja presi\u00f3n, los poros que se producen suelen ser peque\u00f1os y estar bastante dispersos. Por lo tanto, tienen poco efecto sobre las propiedades mec\u00e1nicas e incluso aportan cierto efecto positivo en la producci\u00f3n real, ya que pueden compensar la contracci\u00f3n local de las piezas fundidas. En el caso de la fundici\u00f3n en molde met\u00e1lico de alta densidad y la fundici\u00f3n a baja presi\u00f3n, sigue siendo necesario adoptar un proceso de desgasificaci\u00f3n eficaz.<\/p>\n

En el pasado, al fabricar piezas de fundici\u00f3n a presi\u00f3n, no sol\u00eda ser necesario desgasificar el metal fundido. Los poros que contiene suelen deberse a la entrada de aire durante el proceso de moldeo por inyecci\u00f3n hidr\u00e1ulica del metal. La porosidad causada por el hidr\u00f3geno puede no ser grave. Esto se debe, sobre todo, a que en la fundici\u00f3n a presi\u00f3n se suele utilizar una temperatura de vertido m\u00e1s baja y el metal fundido en s\u00ed tiene un menor contenido de hidr\u00f3geno. Sin embargo, en los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os, con la mejora de la tecnolog\u00eda de fundici\u00f3n a presi\u00f3n y los mayores requisitos de calidad de las piezas fundidas, cada vez son m\u00e1s las plantas de fundici\u00f3n a presi\u00f3n que desgasifican el metal fundido antes de la fundici\u00f3n.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The molten aluminum alloy must undergo refining treatments before casting to: Degassing: The molten aluminum contains a large amount of hydrogen. If it is not…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6591,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6566","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nMolten Aluminum Refining Treatments by Degassing<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The molten aluminum must undergo refining treatments: degassing, refined grains, metamorphism, thereby improving the casting performance.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/molten-aluminum-refining-treatments\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Molten Aluminum 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