{"id":8238,"date":"2021-03-31T03:43:46","date_gmt":"2021-03-31T03:43:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=8238"},"modified":"2021-03-31T03:43:46","modified_gmt":"2021-03-31T03:43:46","slug":"aluminum-fluxes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/aluminum-fluxes\/","title":{"rendered":"Fundentes de aluminio"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Los fundentes para la fundici\u00f3n de aluminio son sustancias s\u00f3lidas (normalmente una mezcla de cloruro y fluoruro) que se utilizan en las fundiciones y plantas de fundici\u00f3n de aluminio. Su finalidad es reducir la oxidaci\u00f3n del metal fundido, disminuir la penetraci\u00f3n de hidr\u00f3geno procedente de la atm\u00f3sfera, absorber las inclusiones no met\u00e1licas suspendidas en el metal fundido, mantener las paredes del horno o la cuchara libres de \u00f3xidos acumulados y reducir el contenido de aluminio que queda en la escoria. Para eliminar el hidr\u00f3geno disuelto en el metal fundido, refinar los granos de aluminio durante el proceso de solidificaci\u00f3n, modificar las inclusiones de silicio en las aleaciones que contienen este elemento y oxidar el exceso de magnesio. Los distintos fundentes para la fundici\u00f3n de aluminio tienen funciones diferentes.<\/p>\n<p>Fundentes para fundici\u00f3n de aluminio<br \/>\nPara desgasificar las aleaciones de aluminio fundido se utiliza un fundente de refinado compuesto por sales que contienen cloro y fl\u00faor. Los componentes del agente de refinado reaccionan con el aluminio para formar compuestos gaseosos (cloruro de aluminio, fluoruro de aluminio). El gas forma burbujas y asciende en la masa fundida. La presi\u00f3n parcial del hidr\u00f3geno en las burbujas formadas es muy baja, por lo que se difunde desde el aluminio fundido hacia las burbujas. Las burbujas se escapan de la masa fundida y pasan a trav\u00e9s del sistema de escape para eliminar el gas. Este proceso contin\u00faa hasta que cesa la formaci\u00f3n de burbujas. El fundente desgasificado tambi\u00e9n puede introducirse mediante inyecci\u00f3n. En este caso, el gas inerte act\u00faa como portador del fundente granular. Adem\u00e1s del efecto de desgasificaci\u00f3n, el tratamiento de desgasificaci\u00f3n tambi\u00e9n puede eliminar las inclusiones no met\u00e1licas suspendidas en el ba\u00f1o de fusi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>El <a href=\"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/deslagging-flux\/\">fundente desescoriador<\/a> favorece la separaci\u00f3n del aluminio fundido arrastrado por la escoria. Adem\u00e1s de los cloruros y los fluoruros, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/fluxes\/\">flujos<\/a> Tambi\u00e9n contienen componentes oxidantes, que reaccionan de forma exot\u00e9rmica con el aluminio al calentarse. El calor generado por el fundente mejora la humectabilidad y la fluidez del aluminio retenido, y las gotitas de aluminio se fusionan y fluyen hacia el ba\u00f1o de fusi\u00f3n. La escoria tratada por el eliminador de escoria es pulverulenta y seca. Es f\u00e1cil de retirar del horno. El fundente ayuda a reducir la p\u00e9rdida de aluminio, lo que lo hace muy rentable, especialmente en la refundici\u00f3n de virutas de aluminio.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-8239\" src=\"http:\/\/alalloycasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aluminum-Fluxes.jpg\" alt=\"Fundentes de aluminio\" width=\"500\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aluminum-Fluxes.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Aluminum-Fluxes-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Flujo de desbaste para aluminio<\/p>\n<p>El punto de fusi\u00f3n del fundente de recubrimiento es inferior al del aluminio. El fundente de recubrimiento se aplica sobre la superficie del aluminio fundido para que se funda y forme una capa continua sobre la superficie del aluminio fundido, con el fin de proteger el metal l\u00edquido de la oxidaci\u00f3n y de la absorci\u00f3n de hidr\u00f3geno atmosf\u00e9rico. El fundente de recubrimiento est\u00e1 compuesto por una mezcla de NaCl y KCl, y tambi\u00e9n puede contener algunos aditivos como CaCl\u2082, CaF\u2082 o KF. El fluoruro reduce a\u00fan m\u00e1s el punto de fusi\u00f3n del fundente y mejora su capacidad de limpieza. La desventaja de los fundentes que contienen fl\u00faor es que desprenden humos nocivos a temperatura de trabajo. El fundente de capa protectora sin sodio se utiliza para fundir aleaciones hipereut\u00e9cticas de aluminio y silicio. La aleaci\u00f3n hipereut\u00e9ctica est\u00e1 modificada con f\u00f3sforo, y la adici\u00f3n de f\u00f3sforo conduce al refinamiento de los cristales primarios de silicio. El sodio reduce el efecto purificador del f\u00f3sforo en este tipo de aleaciones.<\/p>\n<p>El fundente de limpieza elimina los \u00f3xidos suspendidos en la masa fundida. Al igual que el fundente, el limpiador est\u00e1 compuesto por una mezcla de cloruro, fluoruro y un oxidante. El limpiador genera menos calor, por lo que su efecto de separaci\u00f3n del aluminio es menor. Sin embargo, tiene una mayor capacidad para absorber las inclusiones de \u00f3xido presentes en la masa fundida.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The aluminum casting fluxes are solid substances (usually a mixture of chloride and fluoride) used in aluminum smelter and foundries. The purpose is to reduce&hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8240,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8238","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Aluminum Fluxes in aluminum smelter and foundries<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Aluminum fluxes composed of salts containing chlorine and fluorine are used to degas molten aluminum alloys in smelter and foundries.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/es\/aluminum-fluxes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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