{"id":10286,"date":"2021-09-14T07:06:21","date_gmt":"2021-09-14T07:06:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=10286"},"modified":"2021-09-14T07:07:24","modified_gmt":"2021-09-14T07:07:24","slug":"refining-methods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/fr\/refining-methods\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9thodes de raffinage"},"content":{"rendered":"

L'alliage d'aluminium recycl\u00e9 contient davantage d'impuret\u00e9s m\u00e9talliques et non m\u00e9talliques et doit donc subir un affinage suppl\u00e9mentaire. Les m\u00e9thodes d'affinage comprennent la filtration, l'affinage au gaz, l'affinage au flux, l'affinage sous vide et l'affinage par oxydation. Les quatre premi\u00e8res m\u00e9thodes servent \u00e0 \u00e9liminer les impuret\u00e9s non m\u00e9talliques, tandis que la derni\u00e8re est utilis\u00e9e pour \u00e9liminer les impuret\u00e9s m\u00e9talliques.<\/p>\n

Lorsque la masse fondue d\u2019alliage d\u2019aluminium r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 refroidit, la solubilit\u00e9 du gaz diminue et l\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne gazeux initialement dissous dans la masse fondue se s\u00e9pare en phases distinctes, formant principalement des pores dans la pi\u00e8ce moul\u00e9e, ce qui r\u00e9duit les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques de celle-ci. De plus, l\u2019alumine, impuret\u00e9 non m\u00e9tallique solide, se r\u00e9partit aux limites des grains, ce qui r\u00e9duit \u00e9galement les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques de l\u2019alliage. Afin que les performances de l\u2019alliage r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 ne diff\u00e8rent pas sensiblement de celles de l\u2019alliage pr\u00e9par\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de m\u00e9tal primaire, il est n\u00e9cessaire de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 un affinage pour \u00e9liminer les impuret\u00e9s pr\u00e9sentes dans l\u2019alliage.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9thodes d'affinage des impuret\u00e9s non m\u00e9talliques<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Filtration. Dans ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9, le bain fondu d'alliage d'aluminium est fait passer \u00e0 travers \u00e9quipements de filtration<\/a> pour \u00e9liminer les impuret\u00e9s. Lorsque le bain d'alliage en fusion traverse le filtre, les particules solides sont retenues par celui-ci, ce qui provoque son colmatage, puis elles sont \u00e9limin\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

(2) Raffinage au gaz. Concr\u00e8tement, du chlore et de l\u2019azote sont inject\u00e9s dans les scories pendant le raffinage. Lorsque le gaz inject\u00e9 se diffuse dans la masse fondue, l\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne initialement dissous dans le liquide de l\u2019alliage se diffuse dans les petites bulles du gaz inject\u00e9, ce qui entra\u00eene un d\u00e9gazage et, simultan\u00e9ment, l\u2019\u00e9limination des oxydes et autres impuret\u00e9s insolubles. Tout comme lors de la flottation, le gaz est adsorb\u00e9 sur les inclusions solides, puis remonte \u00e0 la surface du bain fondu.<\/p>\n

(3) Affinage par fondant. Dans cette m\u00e9thode, le bain d'alliage en fusion est trait\u00e9 avec un fondant salin afin d'\u00e9liminer les gaz et les inclusions non m\u00e9talliques pr\u00e9sents dans le bain. Parmi les sels couramment utilis\u00e9s, on trouve la cryolite en poudre et divers halog\u00e9nures m\u00e9talliques. Une fois introduits dans le bain d'aluminium en fusion en tant que fondant, ils g\u00e9n\u00e8rent des halog\u00e9nures d'aluminium gazeux qui s'\u00e9chappent.<\/p>\n

(4) Proc\u00e9d\u00e9 d'affinage sous vide. Dans ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9, la masse d'aluminium en fusion est d\u00e9gaz\u00e9e pendant 20 minutes sous un vide de 400 \u00e0 500 Pa afin d'\u00e9liminer l'hydrog\u00e8ne qu'elle contient.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Recycled aluminum alloy contains more metal and non-metal impurities and must be further refined. Refining methods include filtration, gas refining, flux refining, vacuum refining, and…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10287,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[12679,240,12680,12677,12678,12681],"class_list":["post-10286","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-filtration","tag-flux-refining","tag-gas-refining","tag-refining-methods","tag-remove-non-metal-impurities","tag-vacuum-refining"],"yoast_head":"\nRefining Methods used to Remove Non-metal Impurities<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Refining methods include filtration, gas refining, flux refining, vacuum refining. 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