{"id":8523,"date":"2021-04-25T08:42:16","date_gmt":"2021-04-25T08:42:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=8523"},"modified":"2021-04-25T08:42:16","modified_gmt":"2021-04-25T08:42:16","slug":"degassing-and-grain-refining","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/fr\/degassing-and-grain-refining\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9gazage et affinage du grain"},"content":{"rendered":"

L'aluminium fondu est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement trait\u00e9 avant la coul\u00e9e afin d'\u00e9liminer l'hydrog\u00e8ne dissous dans la masse fondue. Ce traitement est appel\u00e9 \u00ab d\u00e9gazage et affinage du grain \u00bb.<\/p>\n

D\u00e9gazage et affinage du grain<\/h2>\n

Le d\u00e9gazage est une pratique courante visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la teneur en hydrog\u00e8ne gazeux de l'aluminium fondu et de ses alliages.<\/p>\n

L'une des premi\u00e8res m\u00e9thodes de d\u00e9gazage consistait \u00e0 traiter le bain fondu (aluminium ou alliage d'aluminium en fusion) avec de l'hexachloro\u00e9thane. Dans ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9, le d\u00e9gazage est assur\u00e9 par le chlore gazeux qui se d\u00e9gage lors de la d\u00e9composition de l'hexachloro\u00e9thane au moment de son passage \u00e0 travers le bain fondu.<\/p>\n

Afin d'am\u00e9liorer l'efficacit\u00e9 de l'\u00e9limination de l'hydrog\u00e8ne, mais aussi pour faciliter l'exploitation et limiter les risques pour l'environnement ; D\u00e9gazage en ligne<\/a> a \u00e9t\u00e9 adopt\u00e9e par le secteur.<\/p>\n

Dans le processus de d\u00e9gazage en ligne, de l'azote ou un gaz inerte tel que l'argon est inject\u00e9 dans la masse fondue \u00e0 l'aide de buses rotatives sp\u00e9cialement con\u00e7ues, ce qui permet \u00e0 l'hydrog\u00e8ne dissous de s'\u00e9chapper de la masse fondue sous forme de bulles. Parmi les \u00e9quipements disponibles sur le march\u00e9 \u00e0 cette fin, on peut citer notamment le SNIF et le LARS.<\/p>\n

Dans les d\u00e9veloppements ult\u00e9rieurs, un faible pourcentage de chlore a \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9 au gaz de purge. Cela a permis d'am\u00e9liorer l'efficacit\u00e9 du processus de d\u00e9gazage et s'est donc impos\u00e9 comme une pratique courante. Cependant, l'ajout de chlore pr\u00e9sente ses propres complications et risques, sans compter son co\u00fbt.<\/p>\n

L'affinage du grain de l'aluminium et de ses alliages est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 dans le but d'am\u00e9liorer la microstructure du produit moul\u00e9, afin d'optimiser le rendement de coul\u00e9e, la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la fissuration \u00e0 chaud et les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques, notamment la t\u00e9nacit\u00e9 et la ductilit\u00e9, etc.<\/p>\n

Pour d\u00e9crire bri\u00e8vement le principe m\u00e9tallurgique qui sous-tend l'affinage granulaire, l'agent d'affinage, lorsqu'il est introduit dans l'aluminium fondu et ses alliages, augmente le nombre de sites disponibles pour la formation des grains. Dans ces conditions, un plus grand nombre de grains se forme, au d\u00e9triment de la taille de chaque grain. Ainsi, la microstructure du mat\u00e9riau pr\u00e9sente des grains plus petits et plus fins, ce qui lui conf\u00e8re de meilleures propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Molten Aluminum is generally processed before casting for the removal of Hydrogen dissolved in the melt. 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