{"id":4715,"date":"2020-09-12T15:43:17","date_gmt":"2020-09-12T15:43:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=4715"},"modified":"2020-09-11T15:52:30","modified_gmt":"2020-09-11T15:52:30","slug":"molten-metal-degassing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/pt\/molten-metal-degassing\/","title":{"rendered":"Desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o de metal fundido"},"content":{"rendered":"

A desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o do metal fundido \u00e9 uma etapa importante no processo de fundi\u00e7\u00e3o de metais. Normalmente, utiliza-se a desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o com nitrog\u00eanio. Por g\u00e1s inerte entende-se aquele que n\u00e3o reage com o alum\u00ednio fundido nem com o hidrog\u00eanio dissolvido, e que n\u00e3o se dissolve no alum\u00ednio.<\/p>\n

A esc\u00f3ria pode ser removida por meio da inje\u00e7\u00e3o de g\u00e1s inerte na massa fundida, pois muitas bolhas finas se formam ap\u00f3s a inje\u00e7\u00e3o do g\u00e1s inerte no alum\u00ednio fundido. Quando as bolhas atravessam o metal fundido, elas encontram as inclus\u00f5es de \u00f3xido presentes nele, e essas inclus\u00f5es s\u00e3o adsorvidas na superf\u00edcie das bolhas, subindo at\u00e9 a superf\u00edcie do metal fundido junto com elas. O \u00f3xido que foi levado \u00e0 superf\u00edcie do l\u00edquido n\u00e3o consegue se separar automaticamente da fase gasosa nem se redissolver no alum\u00ednio l\u00edquido. Ele pode ser removido ao se acumular na superf\u00edcie do alum\u00ednio l\u00edquido.<\/p>\n

Como a energia livre superficial total do sistema diminui ap\u00f3s a bolha de g\u00e1s inerte adsorver as inclus\u00f5es de \u00f3xido na massa fundida, a adsor\u00e7\u00e3o pode ocorrer automaticamente. Quanto menor for a tens\u00e3o superficial entre o g\u00e1s inerte e a inclus\u00e3o, e quanto maior for a tens\u00e3o superficial entre a massa fundida e o g\u00e1s inerte e entre a massa fundida e a inclus\u00e3o, maior ser\u00e1 a capacidade desse g\u00e1s inerte de remover esc\u00f3ria.<\/p>\n

\"Desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n

Ao utilizar g\u00e1s inerte para o refinamento de metal fundido, o n\u00edvel do l\u00edquido deve ser pulverizado uniformemente com fluxo de refino<\/a>. Isso ocorre porque, depois que a bolha de g\u00e1s inerte leva as inclus\u00f5es para fora da superf\u00edcie do l\u00edquido, se houver uma camada de fluxo na superf\u00edcie do l\u00edquido, as inclus\u00f5es entrar\u00e3o no fluxo e se tornar\u00e3o esc\u00f3ria fundida, que \u00e9 f\u00e1cil de remover. Caso contr\u00e1rio, as inclus\u00f5es com maior densidade cair\u00e3o novamente no alum\u00ednio l\u00edquido, enquanto as inclus\u00f5es com menor densidade formar\u00e3o uma esc\u00f3ria na superf\u00edcie do alum\u00ednio l\u00edquido, que \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de separar do alum\u00ednio l\u00edquido. Como a adsor\u00e7\u00e3o ocorre na interface entre a bolha e o material fundido, apenas uma quantidade limitada de material fundido pode ser atingida, de modo que o efeito de remo\u00e7\u00e3o da esc\u00f3ria \u00e9 limitado.<\/p>\n

Quanto mais bolhas forem produzidas, quanto menor for o raio das bolhas, quanto mais uniforme for a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o e quanto mais longo for o tempo de sopro, melhor ser\u00e1 o efeito de remo\u00e7\u00e3o da esc\u00f3ria.<\/p>\n

O processo se baseia no princ\u00edpio da desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o por diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o parcial. Como n\u00e3o h\u00e1 hidrog\u00eanio na bolha de g\u00e1s injetada na massa fundida, sua press\u00e3o parcial de hidrog\u00eanio \u00e9 zero, enquanto a press\u00e3o parcial de hidrog\u00eanio na massa fundida pr\u00f3xima \u00e0 bolha \u00e9 muito maior que zero. Portanto, h\u00e1 uma diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o parcial de hidrog\u00eanio dentro e fora da bolha, o que faz com que o hidrog\u00eanio dissolvido no metal se difunda continuamente para dentro da bolha, e o hidrog\u00eanio que entra na bolha escape para a atmosfera \u00e0 medida que a bolha sobe. Al\u00e9m disso, as microbolhas de hidrog\u00eanio suspensas no metal fundido e o g\u00e1s presente nas inclus\u00f5es tamb\u00e9m podem ser levados para fora da superf\u00edcie do l\u00edquido por flutua\u00e7\u00e3o durante o processo de flutua\u00e7\u00e3o da bolha, de modo a atingir o objetivo de desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o do metal fundido.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Molten Metal Degassing is important step in metal casting process. Degassing with Nitrogen is usually used. Inert gas refers to the gas that does not…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4716,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[4347,4686],"class_list":["post-4715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-degassing-with-nitrogen","tag-molten-metal-degassing"],"yoast_head":"\nMolten Metal Degassing | Degassing with Nitrogen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Molten Metal Degassing is important step in casting process. Degassing with Nitrogen is usually used. 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