{"id":5043,"date":"2020-09-25T03:36:11","date_gmt":"2020-09-25T03:36:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/?p=5043"},"modified":"2020-09-25T03:36:11","modified_gmt":"2020-09-25T03:36:11","slug":"inclusions-filtration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/pt\/inclusions-filtration\/","title":{"rendered":"Filtragem de inclus\u00f5es"},"content":{"rendered":"

A filtragem de inclus\u00f5es \u00e9 um m\u00e9todo de purifica\u00e7\u00e3o da massa fundida por meio de diversos meios r\u00edgidos ou fluidos de fluxo, sendo o \u00faltimo processo de purifica\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00f3ximo \u00e0 etapa final de fus\u00e3o e fundi\u00e7\u00e3o. Anteriormente, ap\u00f3s o repouso no forno, o refinamento a g\u00e1s, o refinamento com quatro fluxos etc., embora as inclus\u00f5es e os gases das ligas 60% a 80% tenham sido removidos, o metal fundido ainda apresenta part\u00edculas mais finas de \u201chidrog\u00eanio residual\u201d dispersas e distribu\u00eddas. No processo de refinamento, refinamento de gr\u00e3os e fluidez, novas inclus\u00f5es secund\u00e1rias s\u00e3o produzidas. Antes da fundi\u00e7\u00e3o, essas impurezas finas devem ser coletadas e separadas. Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com outros m\u00e9todos de purifica\u00e7\u00e3o, o filtro de espuma cer\u00e2mica<\/a> O m\u00e9todo de filtra\u00e7\u00e3o tornou-se a primeira op\u00e7\u00e3o para a remo\u00e7\u00e3o final de impurezas devido ao seu baixo consumo de energia, opera\u00e7\u00e3o simples, baixa intensidade de m\u00e3o de obra, alta efici\u00eancia na remo\u00e7\u00e3o de impurezas e menor polui\u00e7\u00e3o secund\u00e1ria.<\/p>\n

A rigor, as inclus\u00f5es presentes na massa fundida de alum\u00ednio tamb\u00e9m devem incluir g\u00e1s, principalmente hidrog\u00eanio. Existe uma rela\u00e7\u00e3o parasit\u00e1ria entre as inclus\u00f5es e o g\u00e1s. As inclus\u00f5es atuam como n\u00facleos de nuclea\u00e7\u00e3o do g\u00e1s e o adsorvem. Quando o teor de inclus\u00f5es finas s\u00f3lidas \u00e9 elevado, h\u00e1 mais poros de g\u00e1s (pin) no interior da liga ap\u00f3s a solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o, o que aumenta a adsor\u00e7\u00e3o do g\u00e1s pelas inclus\u00f5es e pelo metal fundido. A porosidade \u00famida piora, e \u00e9 f\u00e1cil que o g\u00e1s fique suspenso na massa fundida, o que aumenta a dificuldade de remo\u00e7\u00e3o e pode causar defeitos como poros, folga e trincas no produto. A presen\u00e7a de inclus\u00f5es \u00e9 um fator limitante fundamental para a dificuldade de remo\u00e7\u00e3o do g\u00e1s.<\/p>\n

\"Filtragem<\/p>\n

No que diz respeito \u00e0 faixa de controle do tamanho das inclus\u00f5es, diferentes produtos apresentam sensibilidades distintas. Inclus\u00f5es pequenas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o facilmente detectadas devido ao movimento cont\u00ednuo da interface de solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o; portanto, \u00e9 muito prov\u00e1vel que se tornem o ponto de nuclea\u00e7\u00e3o de bolhas, e inclus\u00f5es de 10 a 20 \u03bcm podem comprometer a qualidade das pe\u00e7as fundidas. Com o aumento das exig\u00eancias por pe\u00e7as fundidas mais finas e leves, os requisitos relativos ao tamanho das inclus\u00f5es tornaram-se cada vez mais rigorosos. Para componentes de liga de alum\u00ednio do setor aeroespacial, considera-se geralmente que inclus\u00f5es acima de 3 a 5 \u03bcm s\u00e3o prejudiciais. O teor de inclus\u00f5es na massa fundida de alum\u00ednio sem qualquer tratamento \u00e9 de cerca de 0,005\u20130,02 vol%. Se o tamanho m\u00e9dio das inclus\u00f5es for de 40 \u03bcm, ent\u00e3o a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de inclus\u00f5es de 1 ppm tamb\u00e9m significa que cerca de 110 part\u00edculas est\u00e3o contidas em 1 kg de massa fundida. O teor de inclus\u00f5es prejudiciais deve, em geral, ser controlado na ordem de v\u00e1rios pm.<\/p>\n

A remo\u00e7\u00e3o de inclus\u00f5es nocivas, a melhoria cont\u00ednua da pureza do alum\u00ednio fundido e a minimiza\u00e7\u00e3o de defeitos internos e externos dos produtos s\u00e3o quest\u00f5es que continuam a ser tema de grande debate na ind\u00fastria do alum\u00ednio. Sua import\u00e2ncia n\u00e3o se limita apenas ao alum\u00ednio utilizado em setores de ponta, como avia\u00e7\u00e3o, aeroespacial, eletr\u00f4nicos, embalagens e automotivo, mas tamb\u00e9m atrai grande aten\u00e7\u00e3o na expans\u00e3o da utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o do alum\u00ednio reciclado. Com o aumento cont\u00ednuo da propor\u00e7\u00e3o de res\u00edduos reciclados, as fontes e os tipos de inclus\u00f5es na massa fundida tornaram-se complexos, e a dificuldade de remo\u00e7\u00e3o aumentou. A filtragem de inclus\u00f5es tornou-se o problema mais dif\u00edcil enfrentado na produ\u00e7\u00e3o de alum\u00ednio de alta qualidade a partir de alum\u00ednio reciclado.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Inclusions filtration is a method of purifying the melt with various rigid media or liquid flux media, and it is the last purification process close…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5095,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nInclusions Filtration in Molten Metal by Ceramic Foam Filter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Inclusions filtration is a method of purifying melt with filter media, and it is the last purification process close to the casting terminal.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.alalloycasting.com\/pt\/inclusions-filtration\/\" \/>\n<meta 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