Erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumdaki gaz\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 hidrojen (yakla\u015f\u0131k % ila %) olup, bunu azot, oksijen ve karbon monoksit izlemektedir. Hidrojen, kat\u0131 al\u00fcminyumda neredeyse \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmezken, s\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyumda y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahiptir. Kat\u0131 faz \u00e7izgisinde hidrojenin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 100 g erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyum ba\u015f\u0131na 0,65 mL ve 0,034 mL'dir; yani, kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 fazlar\u0131ndaki hidrojen \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aras\u0131ndaki fark 19,1 katt\u0131r ve 100 g erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyum ba\u015f\u0131na normal hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi 0,1~0,4 mL'dir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck fark\u0131 nedeniyle hidrojen, eriyikten ka\u00e7ma e\u011filimindedir. Hidrojen bas\u0131nc\u0131, y\u00fczey gerilimi ve hidrostatik bas\u0131n\u00e7tan daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funda kabarc\u0131klar olu\u015fur ve bu da d\u00f6k\u00fcmde i\u011fne delikleri yarat\u0131r. Bu nedenle, al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 eriyi\u011finin ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda as\u0131l sorun, al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011finin nispeten y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Genellikle, 100 g al\u00fcminyum ba\u015f\u0131na hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi 0,1~0,2 mL oldu\u011funda \u00fcretim gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131lanabilir. \u00d6zel gereksinimleri olan d\u00f6k\u00fcmler i\u00e7in ise 100 g al\u00fcminyum ba\u015f\u0131na hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi 0,06 mL\u2019den az olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Katk\u0131 maddeleri, likid\u00fcs noktas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerindeki s\u0131v\u0131lar d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm kat\u0131 maddeler ve maddelerdir. Erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumda yayg\u0131n olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen metalik olmayan safs\u0131zl\u0131klar aras\u0131nda oksitler, nitr\u00fcrler, karb\u00fcrler, bor\u00fcrler vb. bulunur; bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu tanecik halinde bulunur ve tipik par\u00e7ac\u0131k boyutu 1-30m aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndad\u0131r. Hammadde hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, bunlar eritme s\u00fcrecinde meydana gelen bir kimyasal reaksiyonun \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ise. Al\u00fcminyum y\u00fczeyindeki oksit tabakas\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2-10 m'dir ve erime noktas\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 200 m'ye \u00e7\u0131kar. S\u0131v\u0131 y\u00fczeyindeki oksit tabakas\u0131 sadece daha kal\u0131n olmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda yap\u0131s\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fir. Erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyuma bakan taraf yo\u011fundur ve erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyum \u00fczerinde koruyucu bir etkiye sahiptir; erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumun d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ise gev\u015fektir, i\u00e7inde 5-10m \u00e7ap\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck delikler bulunur ve hidrojen, hava ve su buhar\u0131 ile doludur. S\u0131v\u0131 film erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumun i\u00e7ine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa, kirlilik ve gaz miktar\u0131 artar.<\/p>\n
Buna ek olarak, y\u00fcksek ala\u015f\u0131ml\u0131 eriyiklerde al\u00fcminyum-zirkonyum, al\u00fcminyum-titanyum vb. gibi baz\u0131 istenmeyen birincil intermetalik bile\u015fikler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Demir i\u00e7eren al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ayr\u0131ca, Al-Si-Fe'ye e\u015fde\u011fer olan demir bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin bir Al-Fe faz\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Al-Si-Fe faz\u0131, al\u00fcminyum matrisine ciddi zarar veren ve mekanik \u00f6zelliklerini etkileyen i\u011fne benzeri bir bile\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n
![\"Al\u00fcminyum](\"http:\/\/alalloycasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/Aluminum-Casting-Flux-Purification.jpg\")
<\/p>\n
Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki kal\u0131nt\u0131lar ile gaz aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir etkile\u015fim vard\u0131r ve erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumdaki hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi, bu kal\u0131nt\u0131lardan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilenir. Katk\u0131 maddesi i\u00e7eri\u011fi 0,002% ve 0,02% oldu\u011funda, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131yla 0,2 mL\/100 g Al ve 0,35 mL\/100 g Al'dir.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, kal\u0131nt\u0131 i\u00e7eri\u011fi ne kadar y\u00fcksekse, i\u011fne deli\u011fi oran\u0131 da o kadar y\u00fcksek olur. Aksine, erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumdaki safs\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funda, hidrojen i\u00e7eri\u011fi de \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Hidrojen yapay olarak eklenmi\u015f olsa bile, otomatik olarak \u00e7\u00f6kelir ve h\u0131zla orijinal i\u00e7eri\u011fine geri d\u00f6ner. Az miktarda kal\u0131nt\u0131 olsa bile, bu durum g\u00f6zeneklerin kritik konsantrasyonunu \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, inkl\u00fczyon bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, g\u00f6zeneklerin olu\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken kritik hidrojen konsantrasyonu 0,3 mL\/100 g Al\u2019ye ula\u015fabilir. Bu nedenle, safs\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n ve gaz\u0131n giderilmesi i\u015flemleri ayn\u0131 anda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmelidir; bu da ayn\u0131 derecede \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
\u015eu anki durumu al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 eriyi\u011finin ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131<\/a> Teknoloji a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, s\u0131v\u0131 al\u00fcminyumun ar\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ve tane inceltilmesinin kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131, erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek kaliteli al\u00fcminyum elde etmenin temel sorunudur. Farkl\u0131 \u00fcretim a\u015famalar\u0131na g\u00f6re, erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumun ar\u0131tma i\u015flemi f\u0131r\u0131n i\u00e7i i\u015flem ve f\u0131r\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015flem olarak ikiye ayr\u0131labilir. Al\u00fcminyum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0131r\u0131n i\u015flemi, ar\u0131tma mekanizmas\u0131na g\u00f6re adsorpsiyonlu ar\u0131tma teknolojisi ve adsorpsiyonsuz ar\u0131tma teknolojisi olarak ikiye ayr\u0131labilir. Adsorpsiyon y\u00f6ntemiyle ar\u0131tma, esas olarak ar\u0131tma maddesi<\/a>, ve ayn\u0131 zamanda, erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumu ar\u0131tma amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in oksitlenmi\u015f kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ve y\u00fczeye ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f hidrojeni giderir. Adsorpsiyonsuz ar\u0131tma ise, erimi\u015f al\u00fcminyumu ar\u0131tma amac\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in di\u011fer fiziksel ve kimyasal etkilere dayan\u0131r. Adsorpsiyon y\u00f6nteminin ar\u0131tma etkisi yaln\u0131zca adsorpsiyon aray\u00fcz\u00fcnde meydana gelirken, adsorpsiyonsuz y\u00f6ntemin ar\u0131tma etkisi ayn\u0131 anda t\u00fcm al\u00fcminyum s\u0131v\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinde etki eder.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" The purification of molten aluminum is one of the measures to ensure high-quality aluminum alloy products, and it is also the main means to improve…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9848,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[12343,7574,833],"class_list":["post-9847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-gas-and-inclusions-in-molten-aluminum","tag-purification-of-molten-aluminum","tag-refining-agent"],"yoast_head":"\n